Before discussing the symptoms, let’s first understand what a goiter is. A goiter refers to the diffuse enlargement of the thyroid gland. There are different types, including nodular goiter, where nodular formations are found in the thyroid gland, and endemic goiter, which develops due to iodine deficiency in the body.
The thyroid gland is responsible for producing hormones that regulate your metabolism, body temperature, and heart rate. Therefore, any dysfunction in the thyroid gland can negatively affect the liver, intestines, kidneys, reproductive system, heart, and even the brain.
What Causes Goiter?
– Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of goiter worldwide, especially in areas where iodine deficiency is endemic. When the body lacks sufficient iodine, the thyroid gland cannot produce enough hormones. To compensate, the gland enlarges, leading to the appearance of goiter symptoms. This type of goiter is referred to as endemic goiter.
Autoimmune disorders, such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and Graves’ disease, can also cause goiter. In Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, the immune system attacks the thyroid gland, leading to inflammation and damage, which may result in goiter over time. In Graves’ disease, the immune system produces antibodies that overstimulate the thyroid gland, causing excessive hormone production and enlargement of the gland.
Who Is at Higher Risk?
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Individuals with a genetic predisposition to thyroid disorders, such as familial thyroid cancer syndromes. These include familial medullary thyroid carcinoma, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2, and Cowden syndrome. People with a family history of thyroid cancer or other thyroid conditions should speak with a doctor about their risks and appropriate screening measures.
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Pregnant women are also at increased risk for thyroid dysfunction. During pregnancy, the thyroid gland must produce more hormones to support the growing fetus. If it fails to meet this increased demand, thyroid problems—including goiter—may develop.
Goiter Symptoms
Common symptoms of goiter may include:
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Fatigue and irritability
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Noticeable weight gain or loss
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Brittle nails
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Hair loss
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Excessively dry skin
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Increased or slowed heart rate
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Frequent sleepiness
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Swelling in the neck
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Muscle pain
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Excessive sweating
As we can see, the thyroid gland plays a crucial role in the proper functioning of our body. Therefore, the above-mentioned symptoms of goiter should not be ignored and require timely consultation with a doctor.
If you are experiencing goiter symptoms,
Karazanashvili’s Robotic Center offers treatment of endocrine diseases using internationally recognized medical standards.
Contact us:
Phone: +995 322 23 40 23
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